![]() ![]() The remaining species all have relatively small ranges, and are mostly warm-temperate. The type species, Myrica gale, is holarctic in distribution, growing in acidic peat bogs throughout the colder parts of the Northern Hemisphere it is a deciduous shrub growing to 1 m tall. The fruit is a small drupe, usually with a wax coating. The flowers are catkins, with male and female catkins usually on separate plants ( dioecious). The leaves are spirally arranged, simple, 2–12 cm ( 13⁄ 16– 4 + 3⁄ 4 in) long, oblanceolate with a tapered base and broader tip, and a crinkled or finely toothed margin. The roots have nitrogen-fixing bacteria which enable the plants to grow on soils that are very poor in nitrogen content. The species vary from 1 m (3 ft 3 in) shrubs up to 20 m (66 ft) trees some are deciduous, but the majority of species are evergreen. The generic name was derived from the Greek word μυρίκη ( myrike), meaning "fragrance". Ĭommon names include bayberry, bay-rum tree, candleberry, sweet gale, and wax-myrtle. Some botanists split the genus into two genera on the basis of the catkin and fruit structure, restricting Myrica to a few species, and treating the others in Morella. The genus has a wide distribution, including Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and South America, and missing only from Australia. Myrica / m ɪ ˈ r aɪ k ə/ is a genus of about 35–50 species of small trees and shrubs in the family Myricaceae, order Fagales.
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